How is Jesus referred to in the Quran, specifically focusing on the different names and titles used for him (like Isa, Masih, etc.), and how do these references compare to the portrayal of other prophets in the Quran, such as Moses (Musa) or Abraham (Ibrahim)? I’m also interested in understanding the Quranic narrative surrounding Jesus’ birth, miracles, and his relationship with God, contrasting it, if relevant, with the narratives present in the New Testament. Finally, does the Quran explicitly affirm or deny Jesus’ divinity and sonship of God as understood in Christian theology?
Answer
In the Quran, Jesus is referred to by several names and titles, most notably:
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‘Isa (عيسى): This is the most common name used for Jesus in the Quran.
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Ibn Maryam (ابن مريم): This translates to "Son of Mary." This title emphasizes his unique birth and his mother’s piety.
- Al-Masih (المسيح): This translates to "The Messiah."
Other descriptions and titles used to refer to Jesus in the Quran include:
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A Prophet of God (Nabi الله): Jesus is considered a prophet sent by God.
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A Messenger of God (Rasul الله): Jesus is recognized as a messenger of God, bringing divine revelation.
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A Word from God (Kalimatullah): This refers to Jesus’ miraculous creation through the word of God.
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A Spirit from God (Ruhullah): This signifies Jesus’ special status and closeness to God.
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Blessed (Mubarak): Jesus is described as blessed wherever he is.
- A Sign for Mankind (Ayah): Jesus is considered a sign from God for all of humanity.
The Quran affirms Jesus’ miracles, his teachings, and his status as a righteous prophet. It emphasizes his role in conveying God’s message to the Israelites.