Do doorknobs spread germs, and if so, how significant is the role they play in the overall transmission of illnesses compared to other frequently touched surfaces like phones, keyboards, or even direct person-to-person contact? Also, what types of germs are most commonly found on doorknobs (e.g., bacteria, viruses, fungi), and what practical steps can be taken to minimize the risk of germ transmission via doorknobs in various settings, such as homes, offices, and public spaces? Finally, are certain doorknob materials (e.g., brass, stainless steel) more effective at inhibiting germ growth than others, and are there any emerging technologies or coatings designed to create self-sanitizing doorknobs?

Answer

Yes, doorknobs can spread germs.

Doorknobs are frequently touched surfaces, making them potential vectors for the transmission of viruses, bacteria, and other pathogens. When a person with contaminated hands touches a doorknob, they can transfer those germs onto the surface. The next person who touches the same doorknob can then pick up those germs and potentially become infected if they subsequently touch their face (eyes, nose, mouth).

The survival time of germs on doorknobs can vary depending on several factors, including the type of germ, the material of the doorknob, and environmental conditions such as temperature and humidity. Some viruses, like influenza and coronaviruses, can survive on hard surfaces like doorknobs for hours or even days. Bacteria, such as E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus (including MRSA), can also persist on doorknobs for varying periods.

Studies have shown the presence of various pathogens on doorknobs in public places like hospitals, schools, offices, and transportation hubs. The level of contamination can fluctuate based on factors such as the frequency of cleaning and disinfection, the time of year (e.g., flu season), and the prevalence of illness in the surrounding community.

Regular cleaning and disinfection of doorknobs, especially in high-traffic areas, can help reduce the spread of germs. Using disinfectants containing alcohol, bleach, or quaternary ammonium compounds can effectively kill many common pathogens. Encouraging frequent handwashing with soap and water or using hand sanitizer after touching doorknobs can also help prevent the transmission of germs. In healthcare settings, antimicrobial doorknobs made of materials like copper or silver-infused coatings are sometimes used to further reduce the spread of infection.