My golden retriever, Buddy, seems to be shivering a bit after our walks lately, even though I’m just wearing a light jacket. I’m wondering, do dogs get cold like humans do? And if so, what factors make them more or less susceptible to the cold? Is it just breed and fur type, or are there other things like age, weight, or health conditions that play a role in how well a dog tolerates cold weather? What are the signs that a dog is actually too cold and potentially experiencing hypothermia, and at what temperature should I really start worrying about him? Ultimately, do dogs get cold, and if so, how can I best protect Buddy from the cold weather we’re having?

Answer

Yes, dogs do get cold.

Factors influencing cold tolerance in dogs:

• Breed: Some breeds are naturally more cold-tolerant than others due to their coat type, body size, and origin. For example, breeds like Siberian Huskies, Alaskan Malamutes, and Bernese Mountain Dogs are well-suited for cold weather, while breeds like Chihuahuas, Greyhounds, and French Bulldogs are more susceptible to cold.
• Coat Type: Dogs with thick, double-layered coats have better insulation than those with short or single-layered coats. The undercoat traps air and provides warmth.
• Body Size and Body Fat: Larger dogs generally retain heat better than smaller dogs. Dogs with a higher percentage of body fat also have better insulation.
• Age: Puppies and senior dogs are more vulnerable to cold due to their less developed or weakened thermoregulation systems.
• Health: Dogs with underlying health conditions, such as hypothyroidism, heart disease, or arthritis, may have reduced cold tolerance.
• Acclimation: Dogs that are gradually exposed to colder temperatures can acclimate better than those that are suddenly exposed.
• Activity Level: Active dogs generate more body heat through exercise than sedentary dogs.

Signs that a dog is cold:

• Shivering: This is a common and obvious sign of being cold.
• Hunched posture: A dog may try to conserve heat by hunching its back and tucking its tail.
• Lifting paws: Dogs may lift their paws off the ground to avoid contact with the cold surface.
• Whining or barking: A dog may vocalize its discomfort.
• Seeking warm places: A dog may try to burrow under blankets, stay close to a heat source, or seek shelter.
• Lethargy or weakness: Extreme cold can lead to hypothermia, which can cause lethargy, weakness, and even collapse.
• Pale gums: This can be a sign of hypothermia and requires immediate veterinary attention.
• Changes in breathing: Rapid or shallow breathing can indicate distress from the cold.

Protecting dogs from the cold:

• Provide warm shelter: Ensure your dog has access to a warm, dry, and draft-free shelter, especially when outdoors for extended periods.
• Use dog clothing: Consider using a dog coat or sweater for breeds with short coats or those sensitive to cold.
• Limit outdoor exposure: Reduce the amount of time your dog spends outside in cold weather.
• Protect paws: Use dog booties or apply paw wax to protect paws from ice, snow, and salt.
• Provide adequate nutrition: Dogs require more calories in cold weather to maintain their body temperature.
• Keep dogs dry: Wet fur loses its insulating properties, so dry your dog thoroughly after being outside.
• Monitor for signs of hypothermia: Be vigilant for signs of hypothermia and seek veterinary care immediately if you suspect your dog is suffering from it.
• Provide warm bedding: A warm and comfortable bed can help your dog stay warm indoors.
• Avoid shaving: Do not shave your dog’s coat during the winter, as it provides insulation.
• Be aware of antifreeze: Antifreeze is toxic to dogs, so keep it stored safely and clean up any spills immediately.
• Never leave a dog in a cold car: Cars can quickly become dangerously cold, even on moderately cold days.
• Consult a veterinarian: If you have concerns about your dog’s cold tolerance or health, consult with your veterinarian for personalized advice.