Given the recent news reports about a potential resurgence of mosquito-borne diseases, and considering the general concern about viral infections, could you elaborate on the specific risks Zika virus poses to adults? Is Zika virus deadly for adults, and if so, what are the primary causes of mortality related to Zika infection in adults? Furthermore, are there specific pre-existing conditions or age groups within the adult population that are more vulnerable to severe or fatal outcomes from Zika virus?

Answer

Zika virus is generally not considered deadly for adults. While Zika virus infection can cause a range of symptoms, serious complications and death are rare in adults.

However, there are some exceptions and important considerations:

• Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS): Zika virus infection has been linked to an increased risk of GBS, a rare autoimmune disorder that can cause muscle weakness, paralysis, and in severe cases, respiratory failure, which can be fatal. While GBS is relatively rare following Zika infection, it is one of the most serious potential complications for adults.

• Other Neurological Complications: In rare cases, Zika virus has been associated with other neurological complications in adults, such as encephalitis (brain inflammation) and myelitis (spinal cord inflammation). These conditions can be life-threatening, although they are exceedingly rare.

• Pre-existing Conditions: Adults with underlying health conditions may be at higher risk for complications from Zika virus infection.

• Cardiac Issues: Some studies have suggested a possible link between Zika virus and cardiac problems in adults, but this association requires further research.

• The primary concern with Zika virus is for pregnant women due to the risk of severe birth defects in their babies, such as microcephaly.